Tugas 2 Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris Berbantuan Komputer


Active and Passive Voice

An action of a subject, in relation to an object, is expressed in two ways. These two ways of expressing action of a subject are known as voices.
  1. Active Voice, example → Mom read the novel in one day
  2. Passive Voice, example → The novel was read by Mom in one day

The structure of same sentence changes when expressed as active or passive voice, but the meaning of a sentence, either expressed as active or passive voice, remains the same.
The difference between active and passive voice
In the active voice, the subject and verb relationship is straightforward: the subject is a do-er.
In the passive voice, the subject of the sentence is not a do-er. It is shown with by + do-er or is not shown in the sentence.

When to use active and passive voice
Passive voice is used when the action is the focus, not the subject. It is not important (or not known) who does the action. 
Example :
  • The window is broken. (It is not known who broke the window, or it is not important to know who broke the window.)
  • The class has been canceled. (The focus is on the class being canceled. It is not important to know who canceled it.)
The passive voice is often used. (The focus is on the passive voice. It is not important to explain who the writer is.)
The active voice is more direct and vigorous than the passive. With the active voice, you learn ‘who’ or ‘what’ is responsible for the action at the beginning of the sentence. In other words, when the subject acts, the verb is active.
Example :
·         She wrote the letter.
·         We are going to watch a movie tonight


Change the passive into the active voice

You can change the passive to the active by:
·         Changing the word order
Passive: The memo was sent by the manager.
Active: The manager sent the memo.
·         Supplying a ‘doer’ for the verb
Passive: The method was ruled out.
Active: The manager ruled out the method.
·         Replacing a passive verb with an active one
Passive: The heated water is sent into the pipes.
Active: The heated water flows into the pipes.

Active Voice

In active sentences, the thing doing the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing receiving the action is the object. Most sentences are active.
[Subject doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action]
Examples:

  • John washes the dishes
  •  The professor teaches the students

Passive Voice

In passive sentences, the thing receiving the action is the subject of the sentence and the thing doing the action is optionally included near the end of the sentence. You can use the passive form if you think that the thing receiving the action is more important or should be emphasized. You can also use the passive form if you do not know who is doing the action or if you do not want to mention who is doing the action.
[Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action]
Examples:

  • The dishes are washed by John
  •  The students are taught by the professor

Sources :
https://www.talkenglish.com/grammar/active-passive-voice.aspx
https://onlinewritingtraining.com.au/2017/04/active-passive-voice/
https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/activepassive.html

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